Porcine reproductive and neonatal infections: Importance and threats of bacterial virophoria

Abstract

The provisions of the doctrine of transfer the epizootic process of dangerous viral infections to the enzootic process and their rooting in pig production through the integration of their pathogen into the pig microbiome in the form of comorbid viral and bacterial infections are substantiated. The aim of the study is to systematize the bacterial virophoria in the epizootology of porcine reproductive and neonatal infections (PRNI) as a component of the enzootic cycle of emergent infections in the pig industry of Ukraine. Classical swine fever (CSF) virus: attenuated strain ‘IECVM 03’; Aujeszky’s disease (AD) virus: epizootic strains of Ukrainian origin of AD virus ‘18v UNDIEV’; Teschen disease (TD) virus: epizootic strain ‘Bucha’. Epizootic strains: pasteurella bacteria, streptococcus, lacto- and bifidobacteria. According to the results of the study, it was found that the rotating magnetic field of the right direction promoted the adsorption of the CSF virus on pasteurella cells. The Aujeszky’s disease virus was adsorbed on the bacteria Salmonella choleraesuis No. 34, Bacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus casei with an efficiency of 15–45% in the pH range of 8.5–9.5, at neutral pH (7.4) no more than 1.5% of the virus was adsorbed, and at acidic pH (3.0) the AD virus was not adsorbed et all. On bacteria Pasteurella multocida No. 7, AD virus was adsorbed in the pH range of 8.5–9.5 with an efficiency of no more than 1.5%; at neutral pH (7.4), up to 50% of the virus was adsorbed, and at acidic pH (3.0), no more than 1.5% of AD virus was adsorbed. The interaction of TD virus with bifidobacteria inhibited viral reproduction in the body of infected polecats, but preserved the reproductive activity of teschovirus in the presence of streptococci. The rooting of dangerous viral infections (AD and TD, circovirus and parvovirus infections, reproductive and respiratory syndrome, and endemic porcine diarrhea) in pig production has always been accompanied by the ‘engraftment’ of their pathogens in the microbiome of pig production facilities in the form of comorbid (i. e. clinically manifested) and/or associated infections (i. e. similar to the group of Minimal Residual Human Diseases — Maladie Résiduelle Minimale, MRD). A key role in the establishment of these diseases and the formation of their stationary centers in pig production is played by the virophoria of bacteria synergistic with their pathogens, in particular as part of the etiologic microflora of reproductive and neonatal infections in pigs