Porcine circovirus type 2 infection in Turkey

Abstract

Porcine circovirus is the smallest known DNA virus and is identified and characterized by two types: PCV type 1 (PCV 1) and PCV type 2 (PCV 2). Porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV 1) was first identified in 1974 and was recognized as a nondisease-causing agent that frequently occured in laboratory tissue cultures. As for PCV 2, it is defined as an antigenically and genomically different PCV which was commonly seen in swine populations and led to clinic disorders at the end of the 1990s. PCV2 infection in pigs can cause a wide variety of clinical signs and syndromes. This study aims to analyze the presence of PCV 2 related to different clinic cases and syndromes found on some pig farms. To this end, 86 nasal swab samples from two different pig farms and 12 lung tissue pieces from wild boars were collected to detect whether PCV 2 was present. In the study, 98 samples were used in total. The one step PCR technique was applied to the samples obtained. The samples were analyzed in terms of PCV presence; 38 of the samples were identified as PCV positive. Thirty-one of the 38 samples which were identified as PCV positive were identified as PCV 2 in the discriminant diagnosis, while 7 were evaluated as PCV 1