Abstract
Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) is currently considered an important etiologic agent of swine and its infection has potentially serious economic impact on the swine industry worldwide. This virus is frequently associated with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), and also with other clinical conditions such as porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS), late-term abortions, reproductive failure in sows, proliferative and necrotizing pneumonia and congenital tremors. The term porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD) is currently used to refer to any of these diseases when they are associated with PCV2 infection. The PCV2 was recognized as a pathogen in 1997, and many questions regarding its biology and pathogenesis remain unanswered. Currently, some studies have shown the production of new vaccine candidates and field efficacy testing of commercial vaccines. This review discusses some major points concerned with immunopathogenesis and vaccines for PCV2 infection.
Highlights
Porcine circovirus (PCV) is a small, non-enveloped virus (17 nm in diameter), belonging to the genus Circovirus of the Circoviridae family
Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) is currently considered an important etiologic agent of swine and its infection has potentially serious economic impact on the swine industry worldwide. This virus is frequently associated with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), and with other clinical conditions such as porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS), late-term abortions, reproductive failure in sows, proliferative and necrotizing pneumonia and congenital tremors
The term porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD) is currently used to refer to any of these diseases when they are associated with PCV2 infection
Summary
Porcine circovirus (PCV) is a small, non-enveloped virus (17 nm in diameter), belonging to the genus Circovirus of the Circoviridae family. This virus has single-stranded circular DNA of approximately 1.76 kb [1]. Additional factors besides the presence of PCV2, such as concomitant infections with other agents, genetic predisposition of the host, alterations of the immune system, are essential for the clinical disease development [6]. Other diseases, such as porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS),. This review is a summary of recent results of immunopathogenesis and vaccines related to PCV2 in experimental stages and commercial vaccines
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