POPULATIONS OF ARTEMIA CRUSTACEANS OF KARABASSKY FLOODS OF PRIBALKHASHYE

Abstract

The article presents the analysis of biological parameters of parthenogenetics of Artemia crustaceans of the hypergaline reservoirs of Kazakhstan. In the lakes under study there are shown the changes of the total crustacean biomass decreasing from high-productive to low-productive. Most of the reservoirs with Artemia in Kazakhstan are characterized by the presence of Artemia parthenogenetic populations with the absence or extremely small presence of males. The aggregation of males in significant numbers may indicate the tension of the ecological situation in the reservoirs and the desire of the population to increase the survival and stability of the offspring. It has been stated that all age periods of crustacean maturation are found in the reservoirs. At the same time, the basis of Artemia populations in all studied lakes are the youngest stages - nauplius, which form 53-86% of the total number of Artemias. In lakes Artemia crustaceans are presented by bisexual parthenogenetic race, with all age stages of development during the summer - autumnal period of observations. The hydrochemical mode of hypergaline lakes of Karabassky floods is favorable for activity of Artemia Branchiopoda crustaceans. The size of crustacean biomass populations in Lake Balhash change on seasons ranging from low to very high. Lake No. 1 is highly productive in Artemias in the summer, and lake No. 2 - in the spring. Such difference in temporary aspect is caused by existence of various generations in the populations of the crustaceans on seasons. The data obtained prove the high potential of the studied small reservoirs of the Balkhash region in relation to autumn plankton cysts