Abstract
Wheat stripe rust, caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a destructive wheat disease in China. The Gansu–Ningxia region (GN) is a key area for pathogen over-summering in China, and northwestern Hubei (HB) is an important region for pathogen over-wintering, serving as a source of inoculum in spring epidemic regions. The spatiotemporal population genetic structure of Pst in HB and the pathogen population exchanges between GN and HB are important for estimating the risk of interregional epidemics. Here, 567 isolates from GN and HB were sampled from fall 2016 to spring 2018 and were genotyped using simple sequence repeat markers. The genotypic and genetic diversity of Pst subpopulations in HB varied among seasons and locations. Greater genetic diversification levels were found in the spring compared with fall populations using principal coordinate analysis and Bayesian assignments. In total, there were 17 common genotypes among the 208 determined, as shown by a small overlap of genotypes in the principal coordinate analysis and dissimilar Bayesian assignments in both regions, which revealed the limited genotype exchange between the populations of GN and HB.
Highlights
Wheat stripe rust, caused by the basidiomycete fungus Puccinia striiformis Westend.f. sp. tritici Erikss. (Pst), is a destructive disease worldwide [1,2,3]
There were only 17 of 208 shared genotypes, a limited principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) overlap, and dissimilar Bayesian assignments, which revealed that the Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) populations of Gansu–Ningxia region (GN) and HB underwent a low level of pathogen exchange
Pst migration might occur between GN and HB after over-summering; the amount of inoculum in HB received from GN was limited
Summary
Wheat stripe rust, caused by the basidiomycete fungus Puccinia striiformis Westend.f. sp. tritici Erikss. (Pst), is a destructive disease worldwide [1,2,3]. Wheat stripe rust, caused by the basidiomycete fungus Puccinia striiformis Westend. China is the largest wheat-producing and wheat-consuming country, and wheat stripe rust annually causes various levels of yield loss [4,5,6]. In 2017, outbreaks occurred in 18 provinces (containing the main wheat-producing areas of China in the northwest, southwest, and east), and the occurrence area reached up to 5.56 million hm2 [7]. Understanding the relationships among pathogen population structures from different regions is critical to designing a country-wide disease management strategy. The movement of pathogens between over-summering and over-wintering regions is a key issue of interregional epidemics. Such movements promote the completion of the pathogen’s annual cycle on a national scale, allowing it to maintain itself over generations. The inoculum can significantly accumulate in over-wintering regions and serve as the source initiating interregional epidemics [5]
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