Population aging issue in Vietnam and experiences of dealing with population aging in some countries

Abstract

Population is one of the most important factors in the cause of national construction and defense. Population work is a strategic task, an urgent and long-term cause of the entire Party and people. In particular, determining the current state of population aging is an important matter that needs fully studying. Thereby, making appropriate and timely decisions to cope with population aging, as well as effective solutions to this problem. Within the scope article, authors will systematize some definitions and indicators of population aging that are widely used in the world today. The article uses qualitative research methods to clarify the research content, specifically: the article uses the current popular population aging measurement indicators to analyze the current situation of population aging in Vietnam and study the experiences in dealing with population aging of some countries to draw lessons for Vietnam. Findings population aging problem in Vietnam showed that: (i) according to "The percentage of people in the retirement age," Vietnam has exceeded population aging from 2019; (ii) according to the “Elderly dependency ratio”, the proportion of the population aged 65 and over compared to the working age population in 2009 and 2019 has not reached the alarming threshold of the aging population; (iii) according to the “Aging Index”, Vietnam is still in the period of “golden population structure”. However, results of population projections also show "The percentage of people in retirement age" of Vietnam is on the rise, to 2049 reached 18% and exceeded "was aging" from 2039; "Dependency ratio Elderly" shows that Vietnam also exceeded aging (22%) from 2039; "Aging index" also showed that Vietnam's population aging exceeded since 2049.