Abstract
ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of poor sleep quality and its associated factors among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Ethiopia 2018. Comparative cross-sectional study was employed on 198 participants (99 cases and 99 controls). Data were collected using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Variables with p value ≤ 0.05 in multivariable logistic regression were treated as significant predictors of poor sleep quality.ResultsThe prevalence of poor sleep quality was 55.6% among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 32.3% among controls. Longer duration of diabetes since diagnosis (> 10 years) [AOR = 4.88 CI (1.27, 18.66) p = 0.021], co-morbid hypertension [AOR = 3.2, CI (1.16, 8.84) p = 0.025], poor glycemic control [AOR = 3.16 CI (1.2, 8.27), p = 0.02] and current khat chewing [AOR = 3.06, CI (1.04, 8.98), p = 0.042] were factors significantly associated with poor sleep quality. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was significantly higher among people with diabetes than those who didn’t have diabetes (controls). Poor sleep quality may bring about mental impairment and reduce working capacity of individuals with diabetes mellitus. Therefore, diabetes mellitus patients need to have heath education about risk factors for poor sleep quality.
Highlights
Longer duration of diabetes since diagnosis (> 10 years) [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 4.88 confidence interval (CI) (1.27, 18.66) p = 0.021], comorbid hypertension [AOR = 3.2, CI (1.16, 8.84) p = 0.025], poor glycemic control [AOR = 3.16 CI (1.2, 8.27), p = 0.02] and current khat chewing [AOR = 3.06, CI (1.04, 8.98), p = 0.042] were factors significantly associated with poor sleep quality
The prevalence of poor sleep quality was significantly higher among people with diabetes than those who didn’t have diabetes
Poor sleep quality may bring about mental impairment and reduce working capacity of individuals with diabetes mellitus
Summary
A total of 198 participants (99 cases and 99 controls) were included in the study making a response rate of 100%. The mean age of Type 2 DM patients was 50.14 years and that of controls was 49.9 years (p = 0.872). 83.8% of T2DM patients and 76.8% of controls were married. The average bed time of the participants was 10:01 pm for T2DM patients and 10:05 pm for non-diabetes individuals. The mean actual sleep time 6.2 h for T2DM group and 6.9 h for controls. Predictors of poor sleep quality The independent predictors of poor sleep quality among T2DM patients were: duration of DM > 10 years [AOR = 4.88 CI (1.27, 18.66) p = 0.021], presence of co-morbid hypertension [AOR = 3.19, CI (1.16, 8.84) p = 0.025], poor glycemic control [AOR = 3.16 CI (1.2, 8.27), p = 0.02] and current khat chewing [AOR = 3.058, CI (1.04, 8.98), p = 0.042] (Table 3)
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