Pool boiling heat flux of ammonia refrigerant in the presence of iron oxide nanoparticles: A molecular dynamics approach

Abstract

Recently, nano-refrigerant (NR) was proposed as a new heat transfer (HT) operation strategy. Until today, most research was done on the nanofluids (NFs) displacement HT. Studying the phenomena associated with phase change (PC), such as boiling, which can transfer heat on larger scales, seems very necessary. The boiling process is a very effective and common mechanism in HT which occurs in many engineering systems. Consequently, the research on using iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) in ammonia base fluid (BF) pool boiling heat flux (PBHF) was done to increase the utilization and improve HF performance. The present paper studied the PBHF of ammonia/Fe3O4 NR in a copper nanochannel using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Therefore, the effect of the number of NPs on the atomic and thermal behavior of simulated structure was studied. The results show that adding iron oxide NPs led to an increase in HF and a decrease in the duration of fluid PC. Moreover, by increased number of NPs, the structure's maximum velocity (V), and temperature (T) increased. Finally, it is expected that the results obtained from these MD simulations will be considered in the practical use of different NRs in various industrial and engineering uses.