Pontius Pilate

Abstract

Pontius Pilate was the Roman governor of Judea (26–37 ce) who crucified Jesus. There is little information about his life prior to this governorship. His appointment suggests elite status (equestrian), some notable civic and military service, and some patronage from the emperor Tiberius or from someone in Tiberius’s circle. He was recalled from his office in January 37 ce after protests, but Tiberius died in early 37. Pilate disappears from the historical record. Sources for his governorship include Philo and Josephus, though both have particular agendas. The Gospels focus on his role in crucifying Jesus. Interpretations have often focused on theological matters while neglecting the power dynamics of Roman imperial rule that shape the scenes. Pilate has long captured the imagination of interpreters and he has made regular appearances in various media—literature, dramas, and films.