Abstract
A study of local and introduced walnut cultivars was carried out at the Fruit-Growing Institute – Plovdiv in the period 2018 – 2020. Four introduced walnut cultivars – two Romanian (‘Valmit’ and ‘Valeris’) and two Turkish (‘Şebin’ and ‘Yalova 1’) – and the standard Bulgarian cultivars ‘Izvor 10’ and ‘Silistrenski’ were the object of the study. Their vegetative habits were investigated and biometric measurements of the nuts were performed. Based on the results obtained the pomological characteristics of the studied cultivars were evaluated. When grown in the conditions of South Bulgaria, the cultivars introduced from Romania – ‘Valmit’ and ‘Valeris’ and from Turkey – ‘Yalova 1’, are characterized by very large nuts. ‘Izvor 10’ and ‘Şebin’ have a high kernel ratio.
Highlights
Taking into consideration the climatic conditions of Bulgaria, walnut cultivars must meet a number of basic criteria (Gandev, 2015)
In Bulgarian literature, there are data on foreign walnut cultivars introduced from France, Hungary and the USA (Gandev et al, 2009; Gandev et al, 2011; Gandev et al, 2013)
A study conducted in Romania (Cosmulescu et al, 2010) shows that the local cultivar ‘Valmit’ has large nuts of 14 grams, a kernel weight of 7.8 grams and a kernel ratio of 56.54%
Summary
Taking into consideration the climatic conditions of Bulgaria, walnut cultivars must meet a number of basic criteria (Gandev, 2015). In Bulgarian literature, there are data on foreign walnut cultivars introduced from France, Hungary and the USA (Gandev et al, 2009; Gandev et al, 2011; Gandev et al, 2013). According to Akca and Ozongun (2004), the Turkish cultivars ‘Yalova 1’ and ‘Şebin’ are among the leading in distribution in our southern neighbour country. ‘Yalova 1’ is characterized by large nuts of 16 grams and a kernel ratio of 50%, and ‘Şebin’ has 67% kernel ratio and 50% laterality, with a nut size of 11 grams. A study conducted in Romania (Cosmulescu et al, 2010) shows that the local cultivar ‘Valmit’ has large nuts of 14 grams, a kernel weight of 7.8 grams and a kernel ratio of 56.54%. Gandev et al (2015) identified the Bulgarian cultivars ‘Izvor 10’ and ‘Silistrenski’ as suitable for the establishment of commercial plantations
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