Abstract
Traditional medicinal plants contain various ranges of chemical contents and they have become popular because of effectiveness, frequently inadequate provision of modern medicine, preferences and cultural beliefs. Pomegranate belongs to the family of Punicaceae, and its various pharmacological activities are due to presence of wide range of bioactive compounds. The current searching was done by the keywords in main indexing systems including PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Institute for Scientific Web of Science as well as the search engine of Google Scholar. The keywords were traditional medicine, health benefits, pharmaceutical science, pomegranate, punicalin, punicalagin, and ellagitannins. Major polyphenols in peel and juice of pomegranate are flavonoids such as flavonols (catechin, epicatechin, gallocatechin), condensed tannins, phenolic acids such as gallic, ellagic and caffeic, hyrolysable tannins such as ellagitannins and gallotannins. The main organic acids in pomegranate juice are malic and citric, and in seed is fatty acids (punicic). The major alkaloids and lignans in peel are punigratane and isolariciresinol, respectively. Pomegranate fruit has been proven to act against various diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, AIDS, Alzheimer’s disease, male infertility, inflammation, coronary heart disease, and aging. The review summarizes the beneficial impacts of pomegranate which is recommended for consumption. Pomegranate is a high potential natural functional food due to its high pharmacological activities as an ancient efficacious natural drug.
Highlights
Pomegranate occurrence and classification Population rise, inadequate supply of drugs, prohibitive cost of treatments, side effects of several synthetic drugs and development of resistance to currently used drugs for infectious diseases have led to increased emphasis on the use of plant materials as a source of medicines (Shahrajabian et al, 2021; Sun et al, 2021a,b,c)
The pomegranate lead extract in a mouse model of high-fat diet-induced obesity, and the effects appear to be partly mediated by inhibiting pancreatic lipase activity and suppressing energy intake
Pomegranate is native to Persia and Mediterranean zone which has been widely used in many countries and cultures, especially in west and center of Asia
Summary
Pomegranate occurrence and classification Population rise, inadequate supply of drugs, prohibitive cost of treatments, side effects of several synthetic drugs and development of resistance to currently used drugs for infectious diseases have led to increased emphasis on the use of plant materials as a source of medicines (Shahrajabian et al, 2021; Sun et al, 2021a,b,c). Pomegranate peel and seed methanolic extracts have notable total flavonoid and phenolic contents and antioxidant activity, which can protect the liver against histo-pathological and some enzymatic changes induced by the Methotrexate (MTX) in rats (Doostan et al, 2019). B. The pomegranate lead extract in a mouse model of high-fat diet-induced obesity, and the effects appear to be partly mediated by inhibiting pancreatic lipase activity and suppressing energy intake. The most important biological effects of methanol extract of pomegranate fruits are antiestrogenic in breast, no induction of proliferation in endometrial, ovarian, and cervical cancer cells, suppressed TNFαmediated endothelial cell apoptosis, estrogen inducible gene expression was not altered, reduced LDL cholesterol levels cardioprotective effect, no DNA adduct formation or oxidative DNA damage and has osteoprotective effects (Sreekumar et al, 2014).
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