Polyvinyl alcohol, but not bovine serum albumin, promotes the induction of full-type hyperactivation in boar cyclic AMP analog-treated spermatozoa.

Abstract

This study aimed to verify the effects of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) on the induction of full-type hyperactivation in boar spermatozoa treated with a cyclic AMP analog (cBiMPS). Washed spermatozoa were treated with cBiMPS (100 μM) for 180 min. As shown in the assessment of sperm motility, PVA (0.05%-0.4%) significantly promoted the induction of full-type hyperactivation, whereas BSA (0.025%-0.4%) did not affect the induction. In comparative experiments, BSA (0.4%) effectively promoted the induction of full-type hyperactivation in bovine spermatozoa treated with cBiMPS, calyculin A (a protein phosphatase inhibitor), and digoxin (a Na+ /K+ -ATPase inhibitor), while PVA (0.1%) did not affect the induction. Western blotting showed that protein tyrosine phosphorylation states of >50 kDa sperm proteins were effectively enhanced by treatment with cBiMPS in the PVA/BSA-free medium and not affected by the addition of PVA (0.1%). The assessment of plasma membrane integrity indicated that BSA (0.4%) significantly decreased spermatozoa with intact plasma membranes. These results indicate that PVA (0.1%) promotes the induction of full-type hyperactivation and does not influence the protein tyrosine phosphorylation states in boar cBiMPS-treated spermatozoa. They also suggest that BSA should not be added to medium containing cBiMPS for boar spermatozoa.