Polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma, red blood cells and mononuclear cell phospholipids of patients with atopic dermatitis.

Abstract

Recent studies of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in plasma and blood cell components of patients with atopic diseases have indicated disordered fat metabolism as linoleic acid (18:2n-6) tends to be increased while the more unsaturated fatty acids, such as gamma-linolenic acid (18:3n-6) and arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) are present in decreased amounts. To further clarify these abnormalities, we examined the PUFA content in phospholipids derived from plasma, red blood cells and mononuclear cells (MNC) in patients with atopic dermatitis. In plasma no significant differences were found between patients and controls. In red blood cells dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (20:3n-6) was reduced in eczema patients, as compared with controls. The most significant findings in eczema patient MNC were reduced ratios of 20:4n-6/20:3n-6 in total lipids and in phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) and of 20:4n-6/18:2n-6 in both total lipids, phosphatidyl choline (PC) and PE. These findings indicate a disordered fatty acid metabolism in MNC of patients with atopic dermatitis. It is possible that these changes in the fatty acid profile of MNC may account for some of the immunological abnormalities seen in these patients.