Abstract
BackgroundStudies of the patterns of polytobacco use have increased. However, understanding the patterns of using multiple tobacco products among Black adolescents is minimal. This study identified the patterns of polytobacco use among U.S. Black adolescents.MethodsLatent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify patterns of adolescent polytobacco use among a representative sample of Black youth from the 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (n = 2782). Ever and recent (past 30 day) use of cigarettes, electronic cigarettes, cigars, and dip or chewing tobacco were used as latent class indicators. Multinomial regression was conducted to identify the association if smoking adjusting for sex, age, grade, and marijuana use.ResultsMost students were in the 9th grade (29%), e-cigarette users (21%) and were current marijuana users (25%). Three profiles of tobacco use were identified: Class 1: Non-smokers (81%), Class 2: E-cigarette Users (14%), and Class 3: Polytobacco Users (5%). Black adolescent Polytobacco users were the smallest class, but had the highest conditional probabilities of recent cigarette use, e-cigarette use, ever smoking cigars or chewing tobacco. Ever and current use of marijuana were associated with increased odds of being in the e-cigarette user versus non-smoker group, and current marijuana use was associated with increased odds of polytobacco use (aOR = 24.61, CI = 6.95–87.11).ConclusionsFindings suggests the need for targeted interventions for reducing tobacco use and examining the unique effects of polytobacco use on Black adolescents. Findings confirm a significant association of marijuana use with tobacco use.
Highlights
Studies of the patterns of polytobacco use have increased
Racial/ethnic differences in smoking-related health problems stem from a variety of factors, including smoking prevalence, types of products smoked, differences in the nicotine metabolism rate, and social adversity that makes quitting more difficult for some racial/ethnic groups such as Black Americans [7,8,9,10]
Given the known associations of tobacco and marijuana use among U.S Black youth, we examined marijuana use as it relates to profiles of tobacco use behaviors
Summary
Studies of the patterns of polytobacco use have increased. This study identified the patterns of polytobacco use among U.S Black adolescents. The addictive characteristics and health effects of tobacco use are more difficult to treat with longer and greater exposure [11], Blacks who used tobacco in adolescence are at higher risk for increased adverse health outcomes across their life-course that contribute to health disparities in the United States. Data from 2019 indicate that this has increased to 23% [13] Black youth had the lowest prevalence of any current tobacco product use (25.4%) compared to White (35.6%) and Latinx (26.6%) high school students in 2019 [13]. Because adolescence is a crucial period for tobacco use initiation, characterizing the unique patterns of tobacco use among Black youth is an important step to developing prevention programs for the modern tobacco era
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