Polysulfone Filtration Membranes with Polyvinilpirrolidone (PVP) Additive for Batik Wastewater Treatment

Abstract

The development of the batik industry in Indonesia has not been followed by adequate wastewater processing. Most of the batik producers dispose of their wastewater directly into the surface water. In this study, an effort to treat batik waste using a membrane was conducted by evaluating the Polysulfone-based membrane and feed pressure on the membrane filtration process on the ability to remove the impurities such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TSS), Color (Pt-CO), total dissolved solids (TDS), and conductivity. The polysulfone-based flat membrane was prepared using a composition of Polysulfone (PSf), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent of 14.7, 0.3, and 85% (w/w), respectively. The membrane produced was characterized using SEM, FTIR, and contact angle measurement. The membrane filtration process was conducted by varying the feed pressure at around 4, 5, 6, and 7 bar. The experimental results showed that the lower the feed pressure, the higher the rejection of COD, color (Pt-Co), TDS, and conductivity. The highest rejection percentages at a pressure of 4 Bar for COD, color, TDS, and conductivity were 27.51, 28.06, and 24.29%, respectively. Meanwhile, the feed pressure did not significantly affect the permeated pH of the wastewater.