Abstract
Trichoderma atroviride develops a symbiont relationship with Salvia miltiorrhiza and this association involves a number of signaling pathways and proteomic responses between both partners. In our previous study, we have reported that polysaccharide fraction (PSF) of T. atroviride could promote tanshinones accumulation in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots. Consequently, the present data elucidates the broad proteomics changes under treatment of PSF. Furthermore, we reported several previously undescribed and unexpected responses, containing gene expression patterns consistent with biochemical stresses and metabolic patterns inside the host. In summary, the PSF-induced tanshinones accumulation in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots may be closely related to Ca2+ triggering, peroxide reaction, protein phosphorylation, and jasmonic acid (JA) signal transduction, leading to an increase in leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein synthesis. This results in the changes in basic metabolic flux of sugars, amino acids, and protein synthesis, along with signal defense reactions. The results reported here increase our understanding of the interaction between T. atroviride and S. miltiorrhiza and specifically confirm the proteomic responses underlying the activities of PSF.
Highlights
Salvia miltiorrhiza is a Chinese traditional medical herb widely used for preventing and treating disorders of liver, vascular, menstrual, and blood circulation systems
D16 polysaccharide fraction (PSF) was extracted from T. atroviride D16 and it had greatly induced the accumulation of tanshinones in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots, as reported in the previous study [6]
The results showed the content of tanshinones in S. miltiorrhiza hairy root after 14 days’ culture varied in the presence of PSF
Summary
Salvia miltiorrhiza is a Chinese traditional medical herb widely used for preventing and treating disorders of liver, vascular, menstrual, and blood circulation systems. Diterpenoid pigments are the main bioactive constituents of S. miltiorrhiza roots, and exert anti-inflammatory properties via significant inhibition of production of NO, IL-1β, and TNF-α [1,2]. Tanshinones, the predominant active constituents in the roots of S. miltiorrhiza, possess various promising bioactivities, such as anti-inflammation, anticoagulation, and liver protection, etc. The current production of tanshinones is not meeting the current medicinal market needs. Hairy root can yield a Biomolecules 2019, 9, 415; doi:10.3390/biom9090415 www.mdpi.com/journal/biomolecules. As a typical material in plant science research, S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots were investigated for increased production of diterpenoid constituents for pharmaceutical usages
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