Abstract
This paper deals with a fundamental review of preparation methods, characterizations, thermal and environmental stabilities and practical applications of polypyrrole (PPy) conducting electroactive polymers. In this article some of the most important factors affecting the electrical, electrochemical, thermal and environmental stabilities of polypyrrole conducting polymers have also been reviewed.
Highlights
The demand for electrically conducting polymers as used in the electronics industry has in the past been met by using high loadings of conductive powders such as silver, gold and graphite with the polymer matrix[1]
Polypyrrole (PPy) and a wide range of its derivatives may be prepared by simple chemical or electrochemical methods 13-19
Iron (III) chloride has been found to be the best chemical oxidant and water is the best solvent for chemical polymerisation with respect to desirable conductivity characteristics 15,21
Summary
The demand for electrically conducting polymers as used in the electronics industry has in the past been met by using high loadings of conductive powders such as silver, gold and graphite (sometime as high as 80% by weight) with the polymer matrix[1]. Among the conducting polymers known to date, ones based upon PPy have attracted special interest because of their high conductivity, their ease and high flexibility in preparation, their stability and good mechanical properties. Potential technological applications such as in electronic and electrochromic devices[2,3,4], counterelectrode in electrolytic capacitors[5] sensors[6,7,8], chromatographic stationary phases[9], light-weight batteries[10], membrane separation[11] have attracted a great deal of attentions in recent years and this is currently one of the most active areas of research in polymer science and engineering at present. Polyaniline should be synthesised from acidic aqueous media, while polythiophene must be grown from organic solvents in which the monomer is soluble
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