Abstract
Polyploidization is a common event in plant evolution and can influence economically important traits. Modifications of gene expression and/or DNA sequence are known to occur as a consequence of polyploidization. To gain insight into the effects of sexual polyploidization on gene expression in alfalfa, we have used two diploid (2x=16) plants of the subspecies falcata and coerulea that produce 2n eggs and 2n pollen, respectively. From their cross, diploid and tetraploid (4x=32) progenies were obtained. Three 2x and three 4x progeny plants were studied to investigate polyploidization-induced changes in gene transcription using the Medicago Genome Array (Affymetrix). Comparisons of gene expression levels were made between the midparent and each diploid and tetraploid progeny plant. Significant expression change as a consequence of polyploidization was observed for 189 genes. Gene ontology analyses of genes deviating from additive expression levels in the progenies permitted to identify functions and processes that are specifically affected by tetraploidization.
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