Polyphenols profile and antioxidant activity of skin and pulp of a rare apple from Marche region (Italy).

Giovanna Giomaro,Donata Ricci,Anna Rita Bilia,Anastasia Karioti,Laura Giamperi,Anahi Bucchini,Daniele Fraternale

doi:10.1186/1752-153x-8-45

Giovanna Giomaro, Donata Ricci + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-153x-8-45

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Abstract

BackgroundApples are an important source of polyphenols in the human diet and the consumption of this fruit has been linked to the prevention of degenerative diseases.ResultsCatechins, procyanidins, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonol glycosides, dihydrochalcone glycosides and one anthocyanin: cyanidin-3-O-galactoside, were identified both in the peel and pulp. Procyanidins, catechins and flavonols represent the main constituents of peel. Concerning the antioxidant activity, in the reduction of the stable DPPH radical and in the inhibition of lipid peroxidation, the ethanolic extracts of red peel and red pulp showed a good similar activity comparable to ascorbic acid in the DPPH test and about ten times more active than BHT in the lipoxygenase test, and were much more active than aqueous extracts. The ORAC value of red pulp aqueous extract resulted comparable to that of red berries: vaccinium, rubus and ribes, foods appreciated for their health value.ConclusionThis apple contains an appreciable amount of polyphenols also in the flesh; this variety with red flesh can also be useful for researchers engaged in apples varietal innovation in addition to being used as food apple.

Highlights

Apples are an important source of polyphenols in the human diet and the consumption of this fruit has been linked to the prevention of degenerative diseases
For the first time, we studied the content of total polyphenols, total anthocyanins, and the in vitro antioxidant activity of the extract of a rare red Italian wild apple named apple “Pelingo”
Among the columns tested the Zorbax SB-Aq® gave the best results concerning the separation of the procyanidins

Summary

Introduction

Apples are an important source of polyphenols in the human diet and the consumption of this fruit has been linked to the prevention of degenerative diseases. Produces fruits that show red coloration in both the skin and flesh It is tart, relatively nonjuicy, with a small size and oxidizes and time, we studied the content of total polyphenols, total anthocyanins, and the in vitro antioxidant activity of the extract of a rare red Italian wild apple named apple “Pelingo”. Relatively nonjuicy, with a small size and oxidizes and time, we studied the content of total polyphenols, total anthocyanins, and the in vitro antioxidant activity of the extract of a rare red Italian wild apple named apple “Pelingo” The fruit of this species is similar to that of Malus pumila Mill. Having red skin and flesh but covered in bloom, juicy, fragrant, not tart, with size comparable to the known table apples [14]. Researches on the production of new varieties of apples (no-OGM) (Organisms Genetically Modified) with such properties are still being performed by academic institutions, agricultural companies or consortia which through varietal selections, breeding and pollination of different varieties of apples, attempt to obtain a market production

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