Polyphenols and ω-3 PUFAs: Beneficial Outcomes to Obesity and Its Related Metabolic Diseases.

Thais Keiko Siroma,Danielle Bogo,Arnildo Pott,Verônica Assalin Zorgetto-Pinheiro,Rita De Cássia Avellaneda Guimarães,Elenir Rose Jardim Cury,Marcelo Luiz Brandão Vilela,Valter Aragão Do Nascimento,Priscila Aiko Hiane,Gabriela Marcelino,Rosângela Dos Santos Ferreira,David Johane Machate,Priscila Silva Figueiredo

doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.781622

Thais Keiko Siroma, Danielle Bogo + Show 11 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.781622

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Abstract

Obesity is associated with the leading causes of death in the worldwide. On the other hand, the intake of vegetables, fruits and fish is related to the reduction of obesity and other metabolic syndromes. This review aims to highlight the role of ingestion of polyphenols and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) in reducing obesity and related metabolic diseases (RMDs). The consumption of vegetables, fish and by-products rich in polyphenols and α-linolenic acid (ALA), as well as oils rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are associated with a decrease in obesity and its RMDs in consumers. Furthermore, we discussed the adequate amount of extracts, powder, polyphenols, ω-3 PUFAs administrated in animal models and human subjects, and the relevant outcomes obtained. Thus, we appeal to the research institutions and departments of the Ministries of Health in each country to develop a food education joint project to help schools, businesses and families with the aim of reducing obesity and other metabolic diseases.

Highlights

Obesity is an abnormal accumulation of fat in cells that interferes with the maintenance of an individual’s health
Several studies have reported a decrease in obesity and its related metabolic diseases (RMDs) due to consumption of vegetables and fish rich in polyphenols and ω-3 PUFAs: ALA, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) [7,8,9,10,11,12,13]
Obesity and its RMDs lowering can be explained by consequence of synergistic actions of polyphenols and ω-3 PUFAs improving several metabolic health pathways [14, 15]

Summary

Introduction

Obesity is an abnormal accumulation of fat in cells that interferes with the maintenance of an individual’s health It is a chronic disease characterized by lower amounts of energy expenditure than ingestion, leading to body weight gain over time due to excessive increase in adipose tissue mass [1], triggering pro-inflammatory agents [2]. Due to the synergistic actions of the polyphenols and ω-3 PUFAs, some products that are found, like fish and vegetables, and their by-products can potentially improve and control obesity and its RMDs as anti-glucose tolerance, anti-oxidative, anti-atherosclerosis, antiinflammation, anti-weight gain, hepato-protective, vascularprotective, cardiovascular-protective, anti-hypertension, antidiabetic effects, improving the human health [13, 16,17,18,19,20,21].

Objectives

Conclusion