Polyphenolic Composition of Rosa canina, Rosa sempervivens and Pyrocantha coccinea Extracts and Assessment of Their Antioxidant Activity in Human Endothelial Cells.

Efthalia Kerasioti,Konstantinos Chronis,Sofia D Koulocheri,Evangelia N Tzanetou,Eleana Kokka,Anna Apostolou,Alexandros Priftis,Christina Dimitriadou,Dimitrios Stagos,Ioannis Kafantaris,Serkos A Haroutounian,Demetrios Kouretas

doi:10.3390/antiox8040092

Efthalia Kerasioti, Konstantinos Chronis + Show 10 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8040092

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was the investigation of the antioxidant activity of plant extracts from Rosa canina, Rosa sempervivens and Pyrocantha coccinea. The results showed that the bioactive compounds found at higher concentrations were in the R. canina extract: hyperoside, astragalin, rutin, (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin; in the R. sempervirens extract: quinic acid, (+)-catechin, (−)-epicatechin, astragalin and hyperoside; and in the P. coccinea extract: hyperoside, rutin, (−)-epicatechin, (+)-catechin, astragalin, vanillin, syringic acid and chlorogenic acid. The total polyphenolic content was 290.00, 267.67 and 226.93 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE)/g dw, and the total flavonoid content 118.56, 65.78 and 99.16 mg Catechin Equivalent (CE)/g dw for R. caninna, R. sempervirens and P. coccinea extracts, respectively. The extracts exhibited radical scavenging activity in DPPH and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS)•+ assays and protection from ROO•-induced DNA damage in the following potency order: R. canina > R. sempervirens > P. coccinea. Finally, treatment with R. canina and P. coccinea extract significantly increased the levels of the antioxidant molecule glutathione, while R. canina extract significantly decreased Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in endothelial cells. The results herein indicated that the R. canina extract in particular may be used for developing food supplements or biofunctional foods for the prevention of oxidative stress-induced pathological conditions of endothelium.

Highlights

It is well known that within living organisms, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced endogenously under physiological processes such as metabolism and inflammation [1,2]
The aim of the present study was to assess for the first time the antioxidant effects in endothelial cells of the polyphenolic extracts obtained from the fruits of three wild growing plant species, R. canina, R. sempervirens and P. coccinea
It should be noted that R. canina is a well-studied plant species [33], but there is only one study for the polyphenolic composition and the antioxidant activity of R. semprevirens fruit extracts [34] and there are only few reports for P. coccinea fruit extracts [23]

Summary

Introduction

It is well known that within living organisms, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced endogenously under physiological processes such as metabolism and inflammation [1,2]. Oxidative stress causes healthy cells of the body to lose their function and structure as a consequence of ROS interaction with proteins, lipids and DNA [6]. One of the tissues that is especially susceptible to oxidative stress is vascular endothelium, a critical regulator of vascular homeostasis. Endothelial cell injury or dysfunction by ROS can be both a cause and consequence of many vascular complications including atherosclerosis, thrombosis and cardiovascular diseases [7,8]. Vascular endothelium cells are susceptible to ROS damage, since ROS derived from different tissues circulate in the bloodstream and can interact directly with endothelial cells in the inner wall of blood vessels [9,10]. Oxidative stress may cause damage to the endothelium through leukocyte adhesion [11]

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