Polyphenol Levels Are Inversely Correlated with Body Weight and Obesity in an Elderly Population after 5 Years of Follow Up (The Randomised PREDIMED Study).

Xiaohui Guo,Ramón Estruch,Anna Tresserra-Rimbau,Miguel Martínez-González,Maria Portillo,Dolores Corella,Jordi Salas-Salvadó,Xavier Pi-Sunyer,Rosa Lamuela-Raventós,Juan Moreno,Alexander Medina-Remón,Montserrat Fitó

doi:10.3390/nu9050452

Abstract

Overweight and obesity have been steadily increasing in recent years and currently represent a serious threat to public health. Few human studies have investigated the relationship between polyphenol intake and body weight. Our aim was to assess the relationship between urinary polyphenol levels and body weight. A cross-sectional study was performed with 573 participants from the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) trial (ISRCTN35739639). Total polyphenol levels were measured by a reliable biomarker, total urinary polyphenol excretion (TPE), determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method in urine samples. Participants were categorized into five groups according to their TPE at the fifth year. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the relationships between TPE and obesity parameters; body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). After a five years follow up, significant inverse correlations were observed between TPE at the 5th year and BW (β = −1.004; 95% CI: −1.634 to −0.375, p = 0.002), BMI (β = −0.320; 95% CI: −0.541 to −0.098, p = 0.005), WC (β = −0.742; 95% CI: −1.326 to −0.158, p = 0.013), and WHtR (β = −0.408; 95% CI: −0.788 to −0.028, p = 0.036) after adjustments for potential confounders. To conclude, a greater polyphenol intake may thus contribute to reducing body weight in elderly people at high cardiovascular risk.

Highlights

Overweight and obesity have been steadily increasing in recent years and currently represent a serious threat to public health [1]
total urinary polyphenol excretion (TPE) considered concentrations werewhich considered outliers, which defined as any data point more than
body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), as well as with the prevalence of obesity after a five years follow up, suggesting that polyphenols could be considered an independent contributor to the weight loss effects of a Mediterranean diet

Summary

Introduction

Overweight and obesity have been steadily increasing in recent years and currently represent a serious threat to public health [1]. With nearly three million adults dying each year as a result of being overweight or obese, the impact of obesity on morbidity, mortality, and health care costs is very high [3]. Evidence for the effects of polyphenols on obesity parameters in humans is inconsistent, possibly due to divergence among study designs, characteristics of the participants, and metabolic pathways. Some intervention clinical trials with polyphenol-enriched food or polyphenol extracts do not show any effect on weight or waist circumference [10,11,12], other studies have reported that polyphenols reduce body weight and increase energy expenditure [13,14,15,16]. There is a need for a biomarker to accurately reflect polyphenol concentration after their absorption and metabolism

Objectives

Results

Discussion

Conclusion