Abstract
BackgroundTo explore whether plasma fatty acids and SNPs in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and coronary artery disease (CAD).MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we utilized gas chromatography–mass spectrometric analysis and the high-resolution melting method to detect plasma fatty acids and SNPs respectively (rs174537G>T, rs174616C>T, rs174460T>C, and rs174450A>C) in 234 T2D, 200 CAD, 185 T2D&CAD patients, and 253 healthy controls.ResultsWe found that T2D&CAD patients had the highest plasma arachidonic acid, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid and delta-6 desaturase, and the lowest stearic acid, linolenic acid, and saturated fatty acids; plasma eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid elevated in T2D patients, but significantly reduced in CAD patients. Moreover, T2D patients with rs174537 GG genotype were at risk of developing T2D&CAD (odds ratio (OR) 1.763; 95 % CI 1.143–2.718; p = 0.010), with elevated plasma LDL-cholesterol, arachidonic acid, and delta-6 desaturase.ConclusionsOur results show that SNPs in FADS gene (particularly rs174537) associate with plasma fatty acids and desaturase levels in patients with both T2D and CAD, which maybe increases the risk of CAD in diabetic patients.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-016-0834-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
To explore whether plasma fatty acids and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and coronary artery disease (CAD)
Plasma fatty acids and desaturase activities, except for Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n3) and delta-5 desaturase (D5D),differed among the four groups according to the results of K-independent nonparametric analysis (Table 1)
Type 2 diabetes (T2D)&CAD patients had the highest levels of arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4n-6), dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA, C20:3n-6) and delta-6 desaturase (D6D); and the lowest levels of stearic acid (SA, C18:0), LA and saturated fatty acids
Summary
To explore whether plasma fatty acids and SNPs in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and coronary artery disease (CAD). It is important to explore risk factors of T2D, CAD and T2D&CAD: these factors include obesity, metabolic syndrome, family history of T2D or CAD, impaired glucose tolerance, low physical activity, increased plasma triglycerides (TG), and decreased HDL-cholesterol [5,6,7]. Of these risk factors, plasma fatty acid composition is. The role of FADS3 in fatty acid metabolism is still unclear, FADS3 is clustered at the same location as FADS1 and FADS2 [10]
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