Abstract

The genetic architecture of blood pressure (BP) includes more than 30 genes, the polymorphic variants of which cause phenotypic heterogeneity of BP. Given that a human genetic information is largely stable from birth, it can act as an early predictor of hypertension (HTN). Identification of polymorphic variants of genes associated with a high HTN risk may be one of the promising areas of early diagnosis and prevention of this disease. In addition, the availability of this data will make it possible to clarify the prognosis of patients already with HTN, as well as to personalize the treatment approach. The review analyzes the papers devoted to the molecular genetic basis of hypertension and identifies the possible role of gene polymorphism of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in hypertension development. A large number of studies have revealed an association between HTN and polymorphic variants of the ACE, AGT, AGTR1 genes. In addition, polymorphism of these genes is involved in the development of atherosclerosis and related diseases, kidney and central nervous system disorders, and justifies the effectiveness of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in the treatment of HTN.

Highlights

  • Генетическая архитектура артериального давления включает >30 генов, полиморфные варианты которых обуславливают фенотипическую неоднородность артериального давления

  • Given that a human genetic information is largely stable from birth, it can act as an early predictor of hypertension (HTN)

  • Identification of polymorphic variants of genes associated with a high HTN risk may be one of the promising areas of early diagnosis and prevention of this disease

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Summary

Introduction

Генетическая архитектура артериального давления включает >30 генов, полиморфные варианты которых обуславливают фенотипическую неоднородность артериального давления. С. — д.м.н., профессор кафедры факультетской терапии лечебного факультета, ORCID: 0000-0002-5935-2655, Шварц Ю. АД — артериальное давление, АГ — артериальная гипертония, АПФ — ангио­ тензинпревращающий фермент, АТ-ІІ — ангиотензин II, ИБС — ишемическая болезнь сердца, РААС — ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновая система, ACE — ген ангиотензинпревращающего фермента, AGT — ген ангиотензиногена, AGTR1 — ген рецептора 1 типа к ангиотензину-II, CYP11B2 — ген альдостеронсинтазы, SNP — полиморфизм единичных нуклеотидов.

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