Abstract
Genetic improvement of livestock productivity can be done through molecular selection on the genes controlling growth traits. Genetic polymorphism of the growth family (GH, GHRH, and PIT1) genes were studied in local swamp buffalo (106 hds.) from a government buffalo breeding station (46 heads) and smallholders (60 heads) in North Tapanuli District, North Sumatra Province. Genotype variants of the three genes were identified by PCR-RFLP method using restriction enzymes of MspI (GH gene), HaeIII (GHRH gene) and HinfI (PIT -1 gene). Genotyping on individual GH_g.1547T>C, GHRH_g.4666G>C, and PIT -1_g.1256G >A loci resulted only one type genotype, respectively TT, CC, an d AA, with one type of allele, respectively T, C, and A. Heterozygosity observation (Ho) and expectation (He) values values and the PIC value for each locus was 0.00. It could be suggested to increase genotype frequenciest of the three growth genes that are positively associated with the growth traits and economic traits of the buffalo.
Highlights
Buffalo is part of the lifes of farmers and communities in various agro-ecosystems and contributes to the development of the livestock subsector in Indonesia
This study aimed at to identify genetic polymorphisms of Growth Hormone (GH), Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone (GHRH), and PituitarySpecific Transcription Factor 1 (PIT-1) genes using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method in local swamp buffalo kept in a Government Breeding Stations and small farmers in North Tapanuli Regency in North Sumatra Province
The amplification results of fragments of the GH, GHRH, and PIT-1 genes resulted in PCR product lengthed by 327 bp, 451 bp, and 611 bp respectively
Summary
The most buffalo populations are traditionally maintained by farmers, instead buffalo has multiple functions as a source of red meat, labor, transportation, saving, organic fertilizer; likewise as religious, cultural and social events for the community [1]. The population has not significantly increased instead of some decreases in some areas. In 2018 the population declined, afterward it has increased possibly caused of the National Government Program of Productive Cattle and Buffalo Cows to be Pregnant. Buffalo population in North Sumatra Province (102,574 hds.) is the 4th highest after the Provices of East Nusa Tenggara (175,007 hds.), West Nusa Tenggara (121,575 hds.), and South Sulawesi (113,100 hds.). Buffalo population in North Sumatra exceeded those buffalo populations in central area in Java Island, such as from West Java (85,405 hds.), Central Java (59,478 hds.) and Banten (58,532 hds.)
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