Abstract

Colorectal cancer is the third-most-prevalent form of cancer in the world. Several studies report that prostaglandins are mediators of carcinogenesis. Cyclooxygenase, also known as prostaglandin endoperoxidase H synthase, is a pro-inflammatory enzyme that intercedes in the formation of eicosanoids from arachidonic acid. Polymorphisms in the COX-2 gene have been associated with increased risk of different tumors, including colorectal. Genetic variations in COX-2 may affect enzyme activity or expression, thereby altering the production of prostaglandins and potentially modulating an individual’s inflammatory response and risk of colorectal cancer. A functional polymorphism in the COX-2 promoter region (–765G>C), located at a putative stimulatory protein-1 (SP1) binding site, suggests the involvement of a complex array of factors regulating its expression. This study was designed to evaluate the status of –765G>C polymorphism (rs20417) and risk of sporadic colorectal cancer in an Iranian population.

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