Polymicrogyria- A Case Report

Abstract

Introduction-Polymicrogyria is a malformation of cortical development in which the process of normal cerebral cortical development is disturbed late in the stage of neuronal migration. Deeper layers of the cerebral cortex develop abnormally and multiple small gyri form within the cortex. Polymicrogyria (PMG) is a cortical malformation characterized by supernumerary, small gyri with abnormal cortical lamination. Malformations of cortical development (MCD) comprise a large group of disorders resulting from defects in formation of the cerebral cortex that involve all major stages of cortical development including neurogenesis, neuronal migration, and postmigrational development. Case report- During routine dissection in the department of anatomy ,Gauhati Medical College & Hospital Gauhati, we found a specimen of brain with extra small and large gyri other than the normal anatomical gyri. They are found in all the lobes of brain frontal near sylvian fissure below the inferior frontal gyri, parietal lobes, occipital lobes, temporal lobes .There are places where we have found some fused sulci . Conclusion- From the above case report we can come to a diagnosis of delayed mental development as well as cause of seizure episodes in patients when there found to be no predisposing etiological factors other than presence of structural brain changes. Key words- malformations, migrations, defects, mental, seizure, gyria.