Abstract
This review describes the recent development of the living and immortal polymerizations of various monomers controlled by using as excellent initiators the metalloporphyrins of aluminum, zinc, manganese, and tin. Aluminum porphyrin initiates the living polymerizations of methacrylic esters, acrylic esters, and methacrylonitirile, and the living and immortal polymerizations of epxides, and lactones, affording polymers of very narrow molecular-weight distribution, where the rates of polymerization are much accelerated by the presence of an appropriate Lewis acid as an electrophilic monomer activator. Zinc N-alkyl-porphyrin brings about the living and immortal polymerizations of epoxides and episulfides. Manganese porphyrin also gives polyethers of a fairly narrow molecular-weight distribution by the living and immortal polymerization of epoxides. Tin porphyrin produces poly(methyl methacrylate) via a radical mechanism.
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