Polymeric nanoparticles for Anti-cancer treatment-A review of its mechanisms

Abstract

Nanoscale drug delivery system is one of the best methods because they are capable to enhance the drug accumulation at the site of action, decrease in off-target effects and help to increase the drug delivery in the cancer. The utilization of the drug is better as compared to the other methods. In these days, polymers are being extensively used to increase the bioavailability of drug molecules and to deliver the drug at specific site. Polymers are attached with drugs are administered in the body, so the leading aim of localized drug delivery to the tumor cell by a controlled release of drugs over a long time period. The polymeric nanoparticles have high anti-tumor activity to wipe out the cancer but very minimum toxicity to the other normal cells. In this review we discussed about method of preparation of nanoparticle like Single or double-emulsion-solvent evaporation method, Nanoprecipitation, Emulsification solvent diffusion [ESD] method, Dialysis, Supercritical fluid technique (SCF). Mechanism of action of polymeric nanoparticles made up of PEG, PLGA, HPMA, CHITOSAN, PLA, PCL on cancer cells.