Abstract
Various chemical fungicides and bio-fungicides are considered for the management of crop disease caused by fungi. Nevertheless, application of either of fungicides have their own weaknesses like destroying useful microbial communities, fungicidal resistance, depraved impact on environment etc. Therefore, to fill the loopholes of using chemical fungicides, researchers has tried to develop an alternative strategy for successful disease control. Research is going on to evaluate the usefulness of polymeric nanoformulations as an alternative against various phytopathogenic fungi. Chitosan is the main polymer which has been used by plant pathologist due to its high antimicrobial properties. Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles are also becoming popular owing to good antimicrobial activity and also accepted as alternative to chemical fungicides. Chitosan individually and in combination are being used for the controlled release of agrochemical so as to enhance the bioavailability, efficacy and also decrease the used amount and cytotoxic effect. In this article, we summarized the advancement of agri-nanotechnology over conventional approach. We also summarized studies based on use of chitosan nanoparticles, chitosan-metal composites against pathogenic fungi and chitosan-based nanoparticles for the encapsulation of fungicides for enhancement of bioavailability and efficacy.
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