Polymeric high-molecular compounds as a basis for creating composite multilayer membranes

Abstract

The problem of preparation of drinking water is considered, which includes the study of the system "diluted aqueous solution - membrane - corrected diluted aqueous solution", where the membrane, as the main element and external factor of baromembrane processes, must meet certain physicochemical parameters and requirements. It is shown that for the effective use of baromembrane processes in solving the problem of adjusting the composition of diluted aqueous solutions, it is necessary to create a series of membranes with selective selectivity based on the principle of synthesis and creation of the polymer and its structural factors. The methodology for the synthesis of a high-molecular polymer, which by adjusting the ratio of the components of its composition and the conditions for obtaining new proper structures, determines such parameters as hydrophilicity, selectivity and permeability, along with the main chemical and physicochemical properties. A number of polymer materials that differ in chemical and thermal resistance have been determined, as well as new approaches to creating a thin barrier layer for both asymmetric and composite membranes. Micrographs of the structure of microfiltration polysulfone membranes are presented. The results of experimental studies of the obtained samples of multilayer composite membranes are given. The curves of the dependence of the selectivity of multilayer polymer membranes on such operating parameters of the reverse osmosis process as time and operating pressure are shown.