Polymeric-Calcium Phosphate Cement Composites-Material Properties:In VitroandIn VivoInvestigations

James L Borke,Donald J Mettenburg,Frederick A Rueggeberg,Norman B Chutkan,Rania M Khashaba,Mervet M Moussa

doi:10.1155/2010/691452

Abstract

New polymeric calcium phosphate cement composites (CPCs) were developed. Cement powder consisting of 60 wt% tetracalcium phosphate, 30 wt% dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, and 10 wt% tricalcium phosphate was combined with either 35% w/w poly methyl vinyl ether maleic acid or polyacrylic acid to obtain CPC-1 and CPC-2. The setting time and compressive and diametral tensile strength of the CPCs were evaluated and compared with that of a commercial hydroxyapatite cement. In vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo biocompatibility of the two CPCs and hydroxyapatite cement were assessed. The setting time of the cements was 5–15 min. CPC-1 and CPC-2 showed significantly higher compressive and diametral strength values compared to hydroxyapatite cement. CPC-1 and CPC-2 were equivalent to Teflon controls after 1 week. CPC-1, CPC-2, and hydroxyapatite cement elicited a moderate to intense inflammatory reaction at 7 days which decreased over time. CPC-1 and CPC-2 show promise for orthopedic applications.

Highlights

There is a high clinical demand for synthetic bone substitution materials, due to drawbacks associated with biological bone grafts
Cement powder consisting of 60 wt% tetracalcium phosphate, 30 wt% dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, and 10 wt% tricalcium phosphate was combined with either 35% w/w poly methyl vinyl ether maleic acid or polyacrylic acid to obtain calcium phosphate cement (CPC)-1 and CPC-2
(a) Calcium phosphate cement was derived from a mixture of 60 wt% tetracalcium phosphate, 30 wt% dicalcium phosphate dehydrate, and 10 wt% tricalcium phosphate

Summary

Introduction

There is a high clinical demand for synthetic bone substitution materials, due to drawbacks associated with biological bone grafts. According to Reuger, there are different classes of bone substitute materials which are very prominent in ceramics [1]. The basis of these substitutes is usually calcium phosphate, due to its good biocompatibility because of its similarity to the mineral phase of natural bone tissue [2]. These modifications result in multiple forms of calcium phosphate materials, with variations in the calcium-to-phosphate rate and porosity, which can affect both biocompatibility and mechanical resistance One such variation is calcium phosphate cement (CPC), a term introduced by Groninger et al [3]. CPC consists of two components, one basic and one acidic which react when mixed with water, producing one or more products with an intermediate acidity

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