Polymer Waveguides Enabling Scalable Low-Loss Adiabatic Optical Coupling for Silicon Photonics

Abstract

Optically transparent polymer waveguides are employed for interfacing silicon photonics devices to fibers. The highly confined optical mode in the nanophotonic silicon waveguide is transferred to a fiber-matched polymer waveguide through adiabatic optical coupling by tapering the silicon waveguide. The polymer waveguides are either processed onto the silicon photonics wafer or bonded to individual chips. Fibers are interfaced to the polymer waveguides through butt-coupling. We show polarization and wavelength-tolerant fiber-to-chip coupling loss of less than 3.5 dB across the O-band. The polymer waveguide-to-silicon-chip alignment tolerance is 2 μ m for a loss increase of only 1 dB. Reflection losses are well below −45 dB and the scalability to large numbers of channels is demonstrated. These results open a path to broadband and polarization-tolerant optical packaging of silicon photonics devices for ultrahigh bandwidth applications employing wavelength division multiplexing across multiple channels as envisioned for future data-center interconnects.