Abstract
Background: Plastic waste (PW) is becoming increasingly hazardous to the environment as a result of its massive production, causing significant damage to both the ecosystem and its inhabitants. Managing plastic waste is a global concern due to its non-biodegradable nature. However, it is important to handle PWs properly to curtail the environmental emissions associated with their incineration and dumping into landfills. This research investigates the possibility of producing tiles from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste bottles and fly ash. The mechanical properties, as well as the chemical resistance of the manufactured PET polymer tiles, are reported in this study. Methods: PET waste was used in varying proportions (from 30% to 100%) by sand weight. The shredded PET waste was heated at 230 oC before being suitably blended with fly ash. It was then poured into the designated mold, removed after one hour, and cooled for 24 hours before testing. Results: The assessment of the physical and mechanical properties of the materials revealed that the tiles produced with 30% PET content performed better in terms of material density and strength compared to the samples with higher PET content. The highest compressive strength being 6.88 MPa. Based on the results of the tests, the produced PET tiles have a low water absorption efficiency of 80% lower when compare to cement and ceramic tiles (the water absorption values are between 0.98% and 0.09%). Conclusions: The results from this study indicate that PET waste bottles can be used to produce long-lasting, durable, and extremely low water absorption eco-friendly tiles for both residential and commercial applications. This prospect of tile production using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste and fly ash would not only minimize the cost of building products but will also act as a waste diversion to mitigate environmental emissions caused by plastic waste disposal.
Highlights
Plastic is a synthetic, solid, hydrocarbon-based polymer; it can either be a thermoplastic or thermosetting material
The polyethylene terephthalate (PET) wastes used in this study were shredded plastic bottle wastes collected from a Waste Resource Management Company located at 14000 Bukit Mertajam, Penang, Malaysia
Water absorption PET polymer tiles produced with 30% PET and 70% fly ash achieved the highest value (0.98%) while those produced with 100 PET and 90% PET + 10% fly ash presented the lowest values
Summary
Solid, hydrocarbon-based polymer; it can either be a thermoplastic or thermosetting material. Since plastic wastes account for the highest percentage of waste produced globally, there is a need to ensure proper management of such waste.[3,4] Plastics are commonly used as packing materials, but their wastes can be used in the construction industries to produce construction materials, such as floor tiles, roof tiles, building blocks, etc This can reduce construction costs and minimize environmental pollution. Conclusions: The results from this study indicate that PET waste bottles can be used to produce long-lasting, durable, and extremely low water absorption eco-friendly tiles for both residential and commercial applications This prospect of tile production using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste and fly ash would minimize the cost of building products but will act as a waste diversion to mitigate environmental emissions caused by plastic waste
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