Polymer Technology Coupling with Physical, Chemical, and Biological Methods in Textile Wastewater

Abstract

Wet treatment and finishing processes in the textile industry is the major consumer of freshwater in large amounts. Considerable amounts of pollutants in textile wastewater such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), dyes, xenobiotic compounds, organic compounds, etc. are released in portable water without treatments, which creates serious environmental and health problems. Treatment of such polluted water has become complicated and a challenging task over the last few decades. Due to the strict regulations by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and World Health Organization (WHO), reclamations of wastewater become more and more attractive. However, there are no single and economical treatment methods that can effectively remove these pollutants and make water reusable. In this chapter, different hybrid methods are presented which are very efficient to remove textile effluents from wastewater. These hybrid methods include membrane bioreactor technology (MBR), photocatalyst membrane reactor technology (PMR), mixed adsorbent fixed bed reactor, and other polymer technologies coupled with different convention methods such as biological, chemical, and physical methods as pretreatment or posttreatment are detailed. The advantages and limitations of each method are also discussed. In the end, this chapter also discusses some future perspectives of these methods to make them more efficient, less costly, lower space, low maintenance cost, and easy handling.KeywordsAzo dyes removalTextile effluentsHybrid treatmentMembrane bioreactor treatmentPhotocatalyst bioreactorFixed bed reactorCoagulationFlocculation