Abstract
Nanocomposites materials are extensively studied by scientists as they have offered extensive properties enhancements in the last decades. This chapter is designed to be a comprehensive source for polymer nanocomposite research, including the basics of nanocomposites, classification, processing techniques, and industrial applications for polymer nanocomposites in different processes. Brief insights on various nanoscale fillers, for example, two-dimensional nanoclay, graphene and MXene, one-dimensional carbon nanofibers and nanotubes, zero-dimensional silica nanoparticles, and ZnO quantum dots, as well as nanofiller-polymer interfaces have been elaborated in this chapter. This chapter reviews the different types of polymer matrix nanocomposites in terms of thermoplastic polymer matrices, thermosetting polymer matrices, and some applicable polymer matrices. Further, research advances involving the use of different nanocomposite processing techniques, viz. polymer intercalation from solution, direct mixing, in-situ polymerization, melt intercalation, and solution mixing have been systematically discussed. Nanocomposites are used in various areas ranging from food packaging to biomedical applications. Nanocomposites are environment-friendly and hence can provide new technology and business opportunities in numerous applications such as aerospace, automotive, electronics and biotechnology industries, sensors, medical, and food industries, which have been discussed in this study.
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