Abstract
Colloidal dispersions of various metals in liquid are prepared by reduction of the corresponding metal salts in the presence of protective polymer. The average diameters of the metal particles are controlled in the range 9–150 A by using appropriate species of protective polymers, reducing reagents and additives. The colloidal rhodium of 9 A in average diameter has a high catalytic activity for hydrogenation of internal olefins. The colloidal palladium of 18 A in average diameter exhibits a high catalytic selectivity for hydrogenation of diene to monoene. The protective polymers, e.g., poly-(vinyl alcohol) and poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) play an important role in stabilizing the colloidal dispersion as a protective colloid and in increasing the catalytic selectivity through the interaction with the metal particles. A toluene solution of aluminium copper chloride protected by linear polystyrene is prepared as a liquid absorbent of carbon monoxide. Aluminium copper chloride protected by cross-linked polystyrene is prepared as a solid adsorbent of carbon monoxide. The polymer protects the watersensitive metal complex against water contained in the gas. The protecting effect of polymer depends on the species of solvent used in the preparation of solid adsorbent. The polymer effect is discussed on the basis of the interactions of the metal complex with the polymer and with the solvent.
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