Abstract
Robust syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) films exhibiting highly stable co-crystalline phases can be obtained with a large variety of low-molecular-mass chromophore guest molecules. In this report different aspects relative to the structure and the optical properties of these films are described. In particular, possible applications of these films as fluorescent materials, as optical memories (based on the co-crystallization of photoreactive guest molecules), as non-linear optical materials (with polar guests) and as chiro-optical memories (based on temporary co-crystals with chiral guest molecules) are presented.
Highlights
In several cases, polymeric materials with optoelectronic and photonic properties are usually based on the dispersion of chromophores in an amorphous polymer matrix in order to reduce the diffusivity, the chemical bonding to the polymer backbone, or the inclusion of the chromophores in the polymer chain as monomers are frequently used
The polymerization technique has been often limited by the difficulties in synthesizing and polymerizing highly functionalized monomers while the grafting technique is often limited by the poor stability towards oxygen or water of the reactive polymeric substrates as well as by the need of several synthetic steps generally leading to low chromophore concentrations
A suitable nanoporous host crystalline phase, to transfer, amplify and memorize the chirality of non-racemic lowmolecular-mass molecules associated with a high thermal stability of these ICD phenomena, and of the memory of the non-racemic guest molecules suggest a possible application of these polymer films as chiro-optical memories
Summary
Polymeric materials with optoelectronic and photonic properties are usually based on the dispersion of chromophores in an amorphous polymer matrix in order to reduce the diffusivity, the chemical bonding to the polymer backbone (grafting), or the inclusion of the chromophores in the polymer chain as monomers (polymerization) are frequently used. It has been shown that the δ phase of sPS, apolar, is able to absorb, from solutions in suitable carrier-solvents, high-polarity guests eventually leading to highly stable apolar-host/polar-guest clathrate phases [16]. This procedure allows the preparation of sPS co-crystals with high polarity guests like 4-nitro-aniline (μ = 6.2 D) having non-zero first order hyperpolarizability [16]. Interesting is the ability to emit at longer wavelengths, which could bring the benefit of minimum losses due to reabsorption of the host phase
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