Abstract
A general polymer, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is utilized as a unique templating agent for forming crack-free mesoporous TiO2 films by a sol–gel method. The pore morphologies were found to be controllable by varying the amount of PMMA. The PMMA-mediated mesoporous TiO2 layer has been applied for the first time to perovskite solar cells exhibiting a best power conversion efficiency of ≥14%, which is ca. three times higher than that using a TiO2 layer prepared by the same sol–gel method without the polymer addition (5.28%). Remarkably, it was superior to the reference device with mesoporous TiO2 layer prepared with conventional nanoparticle paste (13.1%). Such mesostructure-tuned TiO2 layers made by the facile sol–gel technique with a commercially available polymer additive has the great potential to contribute significantly toward the development of low-cost, highly efficient perovskite solar cells as well as other functional hybrid devices.
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