Polymer Adhesin Domains in Gram-Positive Cell Surface Proteins.

Michael A Järvå,Ronnie P.-A Berntsson,Gary M Dunny,Helmut Hirt

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.599899

Michael A Järvå, Ronnie P.-A Berntsson + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.599899

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Abstract

Surface proteins in Gram-positive bacteria are often involved in biofilm formation, host-cell interactions, and surface attachment. Here we review a protein module found in surface proteins that are often encoded on various mobile genetic elements like conjugative plasmids. This module binds to different types of polymers like DNA, lipoteichoic acid and glucans, and is here termed polymer adhesin domain. We analyze all proteins that contain a polymer adhesin domain and classify the proteins into distinct classes based on phylogenetic and protein domain analysis. Protein function and ligand binding show class specificity, information that will be useful in determining the function of the large number of so far uncharacterized proteins containing a polymer adhesin domain.

Highlights

Reviewed by: Peter Davies, Queen’s University, Canada Catherine Ayn Brissette, University of North Dakota, United States
In Gram-positive bacteria this is often mediated by surface proteins that are anchored to the cell-wall through a sortase-dependent LPxTG-motif (Geoghegan and Foster, 2015; Foster, 2019)
Expression of PrgB leads to cellular clumping (Dunny et al, 1978; Bhatty et al, 2015), which is dependent on the polymer adhesin domain binding to extracellular DNA (eDNA) (Kohler et al, 2018; Schmitt et al, 2018)

Summary

Introduction

Reviewed by: Peter Davies, Queen’s University, Canada Catherine Ayn Brissette, University of North Dakota, United States. For three polymer adhesins in this Class the structure is known: SspB (S. gordonii; Forsgren et al, 2009), SpaP (S. mutans; Troffer-Charlier et al, 2002; Larson et al, 2010), and Pas (S. intermedius; Table 1).

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