Poly(L‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) scaffolds coated with collagen and glycosaminoglycans: Impact on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells

Abstract

In this study, we analyzed poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) scaffolds modified with artificial extracellular matrices (aECM) consisting of collagen type I, chondroitin sulphate, and sulphated hyaluronan (sHya). We investigated the effect of these aECM coatings on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) in vitro. We found that scaffolds were homogeneously coated, and cross-linking of aECM did not significantly influence the amount of collagen immobilized. Cell proliferation was significantly increased on cross-linked surfaces in expansion medium (EM), but was retarded on cross-linked and non-cross-linked collagen/sHya coatings. The alkaline phosphatase activity was increased on sHya-containing coatings in EM even without the presence of differentiation supplements, but was six to ten times higher in differentiation medium (DM) and comparable for cross-linked and non-cross-linked collagen/sHya. The highest amount of calcium phosphate mineral was deposited on day 28 on cross-linked collagen/sHya. Therefore, coatings of PLGA scaffolds with collagen/sHya promoted the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs in vitro and might be an interesting candidate for the modification of PLGA for bone reconstruction in vivo.