Abstract
AbstractThe diagnosis of polycythemia, particularly to distinguish primary from secondary causes, can be challenging. Biological criteria associated with a detailed anamnesis are essential to explore secondary polycythemia. Several causes may be involved, tobacco being one of the most common.We describe the case of a 46-old French man from Cape Verde with suffer from polycythemia and a high level of carboxyhemoglobin. The JAK2 mutation (V617F) was absent and the EPO level was high. The patient had no clinical symptoms. The anamnesis ruled out a daily habit of smoking shisha. After one month without smoking, blood counts and carboxyhaemoglobin completely normalized, confirming the hypothesis of polycythemia secondary to carbon monoxide intoxication from shisha smoke.
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