Polyethyleneimine-impregnated activated carbon nanofiber composited graphene-derived rice husk char for efficient post-combustion CO2capture

Faten Ermala Che Othman,Ahmad Ilyas Rushdan,Shukur Abu Hassan,Michael Petrů,Norhaniza Yusof,Nik Abdul Hadi Md Nordin,Muhammad Faris Hamid,Ahmad Fauzi Ismail

doi:10.1515/ntrev-2022-0055

Abstract

AbstractThis study presents the fabrication of polyethyleneimine (PEI)–graphene-derived rice husk char (GRHC)/activated carbon nanofiber (ACNF) compositesviaelectrospinning and physical activation processes and its adsorption performance toward CO2. This study was performed by varying several parameters, including the loading of graphene, impregnated and nonimpregnated with amine, and tested on different adsorption pressures and temperatures. The resultant ACNF composite with 1% of GRHC shows smaller average fiber diameter (238 ± 79.97 nm) with specific surface area (SBET) of 597 m2/g, andVmicroof 0.2606 cm3/g, superior to pristine ACNFs (202 m2/g and 0.0976 cm3/g, respectively). ACNF/GRHC0.01 exhibited CO2uptakes of 142 cm3/g at atmospheric pressure and 25°C, significantly higher than that of pristine ACNF’s 69 cm3/g. The GRHC/ACNF0.01 was then impregnated with PEI and further achieved impressive increment in CO2uptake to 191 cm3/g. Notably, the adsorption performance of CO2is directly proportional to the pressure increment; however, it is inversely proportional with the increased temperature. Interestingly, both amine-impregnated and nonimpregnated GRHC/ACNFs fitted the pseudo first-order kinetic model (physisorption) at 1 bar; however, best fitted the pseudo second-order kinetic model (chemisorption) at 15 bar. Both GRHC/ACNF and PEI-GRHC/ACNF samples obeyed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, which indicates monolayer adsorption. At the end of this study, PEI-GRHC/ACNFs with excellent CO2adsorption performance were successfully fabricated.

Highlights

Current dependency on fossil fuel accounts for about 85% of the total global energy production, which contributes to about 40% of the global CO2 emission
Type I(b) isotherms derived from the N2 adsorption/desorption in Figure 1 explains the microporous attributes in all activated carbon nanofiber (ACNF) samples. [19,20]
It can be said that the physicochemical properties of the pristine ACNFs and their adsorption performances can be improved by suitable loading of additives or nanofillers

Summary

Introduction

Current dependency on fossil fuel accounts for about 85% of the total global energy production, which contributes to about 40% of the global CO2 emission. It is estimated that the global economic damage cause by climate change (including costs associated with climate change-induced market and nonmarket impacts, effects of sea level rise, and consequences associated with large-scale discontinuities) are projected to be $54 and $69 trillion, respectively, relative to 1961–1990 [2]. In light of the current alarming rate of anthropogenic CO2 emission, carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies receive overwhelming attention to combat this issue. These technologies currently serve as reliable mitigation approaches for climate change as well as the key to controlling the global CO2 emission by controlling the emission of gases from their point source. Adsorption showed great potential due to its economic and easy handling during adsorbent preparation and effective energy consumption for regeneration [4]

Methods

Results

Conclusion