Abstract
Assembling polyelectrolyte multilayers in a bottom-up approach is reported for polymers, particles, nanoparticles, and carbon nanotubes. Effects of polyelectrolyte multilayers on evaporative self-assembly of particles, which are of interest to a number of applications including photonic crystals, films and substrates, are investigated. Polyelectrolyte multilayer coatings bring multifunctionality to spherical particles and planar films. Studying the construction of polyelectrolyte assemblies is convenient in the planar layout: it is reported here for incorporation of gold and magnetic nanoparticles as well as of carbon nanotubes. Gold nanoparticles concentration is controlled within the films. Potential applications of both spherical structures and planar films are highlighted.
Highlights
Nanotechnology approaches offer novel avenues for building films, capsules and drug delivery carriers [1]
Polyelectrolyte multilayers can be assembled on planar substrates and spherical particles
Before self-assembling silica polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEM) particles, we verified that colloidal silica microparticles without polyelectrolyte layers self-assemble into well-defined arrays by drying the aqueous solution in which the particles were deposited onto the surface (Figure 2(a))
Summary
Nanotechnology approaches offer novel avenues for building films, capsules and drug delivery carriers [1]. Carbon nanotubes [60,61,62,63,64,65] are attractive candidates for functionalization, too, because, on the one hand, they enhance mechanical properties [66], while on the other hand, they are found to be extremely efficient absorption centers [67] All these materials are attractive candidates for functionalization of polyelectrolyte multilayers, planar films and spherical microcapsules. In the last two decades, fabrication of 1D, 2D and 3D architectures [69,70] received significant attention from researchers These blocks are attractive as novel materials with potential application as components of optoelectronic devices [71], including molecules detectors and photonic crystals [72]. We study self-assembly and evaporation driven ordering of silica colloidal particles and investigate the influence of polyelectrolytes on this process. Processes and structures studied in this work can be further applied in combination with cross-linked polymers [80,81,82], hydrogel construction [83] as well as immobilization of multicompartment microcapsules [84] and microparticles [85] containing enzymes
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