Abstract
Radiation‐induced lung injury (RILI) is one of the most common and fatal complications of thoracic radiotherapy. It is characterized with two main features including early radiation pneumonitis and fibrosis in later phase. This study was to investigate the potential radioprotective effects of polydatin (PD), which was shown to exert anti‐inflammation and anti‐oxidative capacities in other diseases. In this study, we demonstrated that PD‐mitigated acute inflammation and late fibrosis caused by irradiation. PD treatment inhibited TGF‐β1‐Smad3 signalling pathway and epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Moreover, radiation‐induced imbalance of Th1/Th2 was also alleviated by PD treatment. Besides its free radical scavenging capacity, PD induced a huge increase of Sirt3 in culture cells and lung tissues. The level of Nrf2 and PGC1α in lung tissues was also elevated. In conclusion, our data showed that PD attenuated radiation‐induced lung injury through inhibiting epithelial–mesenchymal transition and increased the expression of Sirt3, suggesting PD as a novel potential radioprotector for RILI.
Highlights
Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a most common and serious complication in radiotherapy for thoracic tumours [1]
Polydatin mitigated structural damages and collagen deposit induced by irradiation After 15 Gy local irradiation, alveolar septal thickening and inflammatory cells infiltration were observed in sections of lung tissues (Fig. 2A)
We found that polydatin treatment group had a significant inhibitory effect on the occurrence of early radiation-induced pneumonia and late radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (Fig. 2C and D)
Summary
Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a most common and serious complication in radiotherapy for thoracic tumours [1]. The development of RILI is mainly divided into an early-phase characterized as radiation pneumonitis, and a later phase of chronic pulmonary fibrosis. Pneumonitis phase occurs within 3 months after high doses of irradiation (more than 8 Gy), while fibrosis phase presents months to years later. The main clinical symptoms of RILI were inflammatory infiltration of interstitial fluid, progressive dyspnea, deterioration of pulmonary function and eventually leading to respiratory failure [2]. It limits the further application of fractionated radiotherapy. It is urgently required to develop novel safe and effective therapeutic strategies for RILI
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