Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in females, and is characterized by ovulatory dysfunction, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology based on ultrasound. Controversy surrounds the optimum diagnosis and management in the adolescent population. Many patients with adult PCOS present with pathognomonic symptoms as adolescents, and there is value in early diagnosis due to the associated long-term metabolic and reproductive health sequalae. A definitive diagnosis does not need to be made prior to implementing treatment in this group of young women. The practitioner who has an adolescent presenting with signs and symptoms of PCOS, has a unique opportunity to risk stratify, screen for co-morbidities, and implement early management strategies, many of which are lifestyle modifications, to help prevent long term morbidity associated with this disease.
Highlights
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in females
PCOS is characterized by ovulatory dysfunction, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) based on ultrasounds [2]
Pelvic ultrasonography is generally not recommended for the diagnosis of PCOS in adolescence
Summary
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in females. The reported prevalence of PCOS in the community is between 6–10% depending on which criteria is used to define it [1]. PCOS is characterized by ovulatory dysfunction, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) based on ultrasounds [2]. Despite the high prevalence of this condition, controversy surrounds the optimum diagnostic criteria and management for the adolescent population. Hyperandrogenism is the most consistent characteristic of PCOS in both adults and adolescents [3,4]. Adult patients with PCOS commonly present with pathognomonic symptoms during adolescence. There is value in early identification of PCOS to optimally manage the associated long-term metabolic and reproductive health sequalae [5]. Treatment should be tailored to the individual and account for the nuances of this chronic condition when diagnosed in young women
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