Abstract
This study explored whether and how government-led developments influence the formation of employment centers and polycentrification by examining the Seoul metropolitan area (SMA). Using 2000–2015 employment data at the census block level, we longitudinally analyzed the changing forms and functions of employment centers in the SMA and examined whether employment (sub)centers influenced employment distribution. We found that state and local government-led development and planning played a crucial role in this transformation and, as a result, that the SMA has been transformed into a polycentric urban structure. We suggest that strong inter-jurisdictional competition and the interplay between market forces and government-led development can be considered the key to understand the formation and growth of employment centers in the SMA. These results contribute new empirical evidence to the debate on the relationship between polycentricity and government-led development and provide policy implications for creating a polycentric spatial structure.
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