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Abstract
Polyaniline is a conductive polymer that is recently used as a material in producing a pressure filtration membrane. Polyaniline can be doped in various acids as dopants of different sizes and shapes to modify its inherent properties to produce membrane with high flux and rejection. This work is aimed to fabricate polyaniline composite membrane in presence of different acids as dopants namely hydrochloric acid, maleic acid, poly(methyl vinylether) acid (PMVEA) and polyacrylic acid (PAA). This polyaniline was coated onto microporous polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) support by using a specially fabricated two compartment cell. The field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) results show that the morphology of the coated polyaniline on PVDF membrane support is in globular shapes, which elongates at different sizes depending to the acid used. From the thermal analysis, the melting point of polyaniline coated PVDF membrane remains at 260°C, similar as obtained in the pristine microporous PVDF indicating no thermal change upon polyaniline coating. From all membranes prepared, the doped polyaniline membrane possessed a good conductivity value except for polyaniline-PMVEA membrane, which has the lowest value. In terms of the membrane filtration performance, which was measured based on the flux of pure water and polyethylene glycol (PEG) rejection, polyaniline-PMVEA membrane has a high flux and the highest PEG rejection. This result indicates that the conductivity does not influence much on the membrane filtration performance, but rather due to the physical coating itself. Different acid dopants present during polyaniline coating will lead to different filtration performance.
Highlights
Membrane technology has recently evolved in many industries by implying the recovery and reuse or sale of previously wasted materials
Different acid dopants of hydrochloric acid (HCl), poly(methyl vinylether) acid (PMVEA), maleic acid (MA) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) were doped in polyaniline coated onto polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) microporous support in order to form pressure filtration polyanilinedopant membrane with reasonable flux and rejection filtration properties
This polyaniline-dopant membrane was synthesized by chemical polymerization in a specially fabricated two-compartment cell consisted of the PVDF support clamped between aniline and ammonium persulfate (APS) solution at each compartment in order to allow polyaniline polymerization on the support
Summary
Membrane technology has recently evolved in many industries by implying the recovery and reuse or sale of previously wasted materials. This practice enables these industries to be more environmental friendly by decreasing the amount of waste and become more cost-effective, as some high-value materials can be recovered from the waste stream. Commercially used membranes such as polysulfone (PSf) have limitations where they have fixed separation selectivity. This requires development of new membrane to allow changeable separation selectivity. Effective removal of uncharged contaminants from wastewater is problematic using low pressure membrane operation, which required additional chemical treatment steps. The introduction of conducting polymer (CP) in the manufacturing of a pressure filtration membrane is attractive due to its high electrical conductivity and mechanical flexibility, which is very promising to overcome commercial membrane problems
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