Polyamines in morphogenesis and development: a promising research area in seaweeds.

Manoj Kumar,C R K Reddy,Peter J Ralph

doi:10.3389/fpls.2015.00027

Abstract

Polyamines in morphogenesis and development: a promising research area in seaweeds.

Highlights

Polyamines (PAs), low molecular weight aliphatic amines, are ubiquitous in all living organisms except the archaeal methanogens and halophiles
PA research in seaweeds has addressed their involvement in maturation of reproductive structures, morphogenesis (García-Jiménez et al, 1998; Marián et al, 2000; Guzmán-Urióstegui et al, 2002, 2012) and to some extent their response to abiotic stresses (Kumar et al, 2011, 2012, 2014)
Earlier speculations of passive PA uptake in seaweeds need to be re-examined in the backdrop of recent report on the existence of L-type amino acid transporter (LAT) called Resistant to Methylviologen 1 (RMV1) which is responsible for PA uptake in land plants

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Polyamines (PAs), low molecular weight aliphatic amines, are ubiquitous in all living organisms except the archaeal methanogens and halophiles. Further experiments with supplementation of individual and combinations of PA biosynthesis inhibitors such as DFMA, MGBG, AVG, and CHO (see full abbreviation in the legend of Figure 1) are needed to better illustrate which PA’s biosynthetic pathway or which specific PA is involved in cell division to cell elongation during morphogenesis It is not clear, whether it is solely PAs that directly regulate growth and morphogenesis events or do they mediate some cross-talk with other phytohormones and proteins such as auxins and PIN proteins in regulating these developmental processes. Earlier speculations of passive PA uptake in seaweeds need to be re-examined in the backdrop of recent report on the existence of L-type amino acid transporter (LAT) called Resistant to Methylviologen 1 (RMV1) which is responsible for PA uptake in land plants This finding emphasizes that for both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, PA transport is not just a passive mechanism, and selectivity could be achieved through specific recognition and translocation (Fujita and Shinozaki, 2014)

Polyamines in morphogenesis and development

CONCLUSIONS