Polyacrylamide Functionalized Graphene Oxide/Alginate Beads for Removing Ciprofloxacin Antibiotics.

Jung-Weon Choi,Sang-June Choi

doi:10.3390/toxics10020077

Abstract

Ciprofloxacin (CPX), a widely used antibiotic, was removed by synthesizing graphene oxide/calcium alginate–polyacrylamide (GO/Ca-Alg2–PAM) beads, a three-dimensional double-network complex. The synthesis of GO/Ca-Alg2–PAM beads was performed by crosslinking and cation exchange mechanisms with graphene oxide (GO), sodium alginate (Na-Alg), and polyacrylamide (PAM). The properties of GO/Ca-Alg2–PAM beads were confirmed using field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and a thermogravimetric analysis. Furthermore, isothermal adsorption experiments were performed and fitted using three isothermal adsorption models (Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin). The adsorption isotherm experimental data fit well with the Langmuir isotherm model with a qm value of 6.846 mg/g. In addition, the spontaneous reaction of the CPX adsorption using GO/Ca-Alg2–PAM was confirmed by temperature-dependent experiments.

Highlights

Removing Ciprofloxacin Antibiotics.As science and technology progressed, several new diseases emerged, necessitating the development of new antibiotics for their treatment
Antibiotics have been beneficial to human health, excess antibiotics have become water pollutants, and studies are being conducted for their removal [1,2]
The new peaks of graphene oxide (GO)/Ca-Alg2 differed from GO at 1453, 1358, 1249, and 1074 cm−1

Summary

Introduction

As science and technology progressed, several new diseases emerged, necessitating the development of new antibiotics for their treatment. Antibiotics have been beneficial to human health, excess antibiotics have become water pollutants, and studies are being conducted for their removal [1,2]. Ciprofloxacin (CPX) antibiotics, which were introduced in 1987, are used to treat bone disorders, arthritis, skin infections, respiratory infections, and other conditions. There are side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, which can lead to muscle weakness [3,4]. As an excess of CPX causes water pollution, studies of the removal of CPX-contaminated wastewater have advanced [5]

Methods

Results

Conclusion